Typescript
使用Web3.js的Token2022

使用Web3.js的Token2022

永久委派擴展

PermanentDelegate 擴展是一個鑄幣賬戶擴展,允許為該鑄幣的所有代幣設置一個永久委派,該委派可以從任何代幣賬戶轉移或銷毀該鑄幣的任何代幣。

初始化鑄幣賬戶

要在 Mint 賬戶上初始化 PermanentDelegate 擴展,我們需要使用 initializePermanentDelegate() 函數。

以下是如何使用永久委派擴展創建鑄幣的方法:

ts
import { Keypair, SystemProgram, Transaction, sendAndConfirmTransaction } from "@solana/web3.js";
import {
  createInitializeMintInstruction,
  createInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction,
  getMintLen,
  ExtensionType,
  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
} from "@solana/spl-token";

const mint = Keypair.generate();

// Calculate the size needed for a Mint account with Permanent Delegate extension
const mintLen = getMintLen([ExtensionType.PermanentDelegate]);

// Calculate minimum lamports required for rent exemption
const lamports = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(mintLen);

// Create the account with the correct size and owner
const createAccountInstruction = SystemProgram.createAccount({
  fromPubkey: keypair.publicKey,
  newAccountPubkey: mint.publicKey,
  space: mintLen,
  lamports,
  programId: TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
});

// Initialize the Permanent Delegate extension
const initializePermanentDelegate = createInitializePermanentDelegateInstruction(
  mint.publicKey,
  keypair.publicKey,
  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
);

// Initialize the mint itself
const initializeMintInstruction = createInitializeMintInstruction(
  mint.publicKey,
  6,
  keypair.publicKey,
  null,
  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
);

// Combine all instructions in the correct order
const transaction = new Transaction().add(
  createAccountInstruction,
  initializePermanentDelegate,
  initializeMintInstruction,
);

const signature = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [keypair, mint]);

console.log(
  `Mint created! Check out your TX here: https://explorer.solana.com/tx/${signature}?cluster=devnet`,
);
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關閉鑄幣賬戶

如果 Mint 賬戶的供應量為零,CloseMint Authority 可以通過使用 closeAccount 指令來回收該賬戶的租金,如下所示:

ts
const closeMintInstruction = createCloseAccountInstruction(
  mint.publicKey,
  keypair.publicKey,
  keypair.publicKey,
  [],
  TOKEN_2022_PROGRAM_ID,
);

const transaction = new Transaction().add(closeMintInstruction);

const signature = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, transaction, [keypair], {
  skipPreflight: false,
});

console.log(
  `Mint closed! Check out your TX here: https://explorer.solana.com/tx/${signature}?cluster=devnet`,
);
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有權限的操作

與可以被撤銷的普通委派不同,這種委派權限是永久且不可更改的。

這意味著每個普通操作,例如 transfer()burn()approve()freeze(),都可以在需要時由權限直接執行,而無需實際擁有者的簽名。

這意味著我們可以直接使用普通的 transferChecked()burnChecked() 等指令,並在 authority 欄位中傳入 PermanentDelegate 權限。

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